How does the House of Lords primarily contribute to the legislative process?

The House of Lords primarily contributes to the legislative process by passing legislation and scrutinizing the government. This role involves several key functions. First, the House of Lords reviews and debates bills that have been passed by the House of Commons, suggesting amendments and ensuring thorough examination of the proposed legislation. This scrutiny is essential in identifying potential issues, gaps, and implications of new laws, contributing to a more refined legislative outcome.

Additionally, the House of Lords holds the government accountable through its debates and discussions on policy and legislation. Members can question government officials and participate in committee work that investigates specific issues, contributing to transparency and oversight of governmental actions. This dual function of both passing legislation and performing checks on the government is fundamental to the House of Lords' role within the UK Parliament.

The other options reflect distinct functions of government bodies or roles that do not accurately describe the primary contribution of the House of Lords in the legislative framework. Initiating all new laws, representing regional interests, and conducting public inquiries are not central to the House of Lords' main responsibilities in the legislative process.