Which historical document is associated with the rule of law?

The Magna Carta, signed in 1215, is a foundational document in the establishment of the rule of law, which asserts that everyone, including the king, is subject to the law. This document introduced the concept that the monarch's powers were not absolute and provided certain rights to subjects, thus promoting the idea that power should be exercised within the framework of law. Its significance has been recognized as a symbol of liberty and justice, influencing legal systems and democratic principles around the world.

The Bill of Rights 1689, while important in its own right, primarily focused on the rights of Parliament and limits on the powers of the monarch rather than directly addressing the broader notion of the rule of law in the same way the Magna Carta did. Similarly, the Act of Settlement 1701 and the Acts of Union were significant in shaping governance and national unity but did not directly champion the principle that the law applies equally to all.