Which of the following best describes a 'superstate'?

A 'superstate' is best described as a large state formed from multiple smaller states. This concept typically refers to a political structure that results when smaller entities unite to create a larger, more powerful entity, often with a centralized government.

In the context of international relations and political structures, this definition captures the essence of what a superstate represents, emphasizing the integration and consolidation of power among formerly independent states. Such formations can enhance efficiency in governance, create larger markets, and enable stronger international representation.

The other descriptions do not accurately capture this definition: a collection of independent nations signifies a loose association rather than a unified governing body; a temporary alliance implies a provisional relationship without the stable, integrated governance associated with a superstate; and a federation of states with no governing power describes a scenario where there is no centralized authority, which contradicts the very nature of what a superstate entails.