Which of the following is a characteristic of non-contributory benefits?

Non-contributory benefits are designed to provide assistance based on an individual’s financial need rather than their work history or contributions to a welfare system. This makes them particularly important for those who might not have the means to support themselves due to various circumstances, such as unemployment or low income.

Because these benefits do not rely on a person's past contributions to National Insurance, they are accessible to a wider range of individuals, regardless of their employment status or work history. This characteristic is crucial for social welfare support as it ensures that assistance is available to those who may need it most, irrespective of their previous economic activity.

In contrast, the other options outline features that are typical of contributory benefits, which do require prior contributions and often have age and employment-related eligibility criteria. Understanding the distinctions between these types of benefits is essential for anyone studying public affairs or social policy.