Which significant institution was founded during the welfare state revolution?

The National Health Service (NHS) is the significant institution founded during the welfare state revolution. Established in 1948, the NHS was a cornerstone of the welfare state in the UK, aimed at providing healthcare services free at the point of use for all citizens. This marked a profound change in the role of the government regarding public health, moving towards a model where access to medical care was recognized as a right rather than a privilege based on wealth.

The creation of the NHS was inspired by the Beveridge Report of 1942, which outlined a plan for extensive social reforms that would address issues of poverty and inadequate healthcare. The establishment of such an institution symbolized the commitment to social welfare and the collective responsibility for health, reflecting the values of the post-World War II consensus that prioritized social justice.

While other options like the National Insurance Scheme, the Education Authority, and the Social Security Office were also developments during this period aimed at enhancing social welfare, the NHS represents the most significant and transformative evolution in public health policy and social services during the welfare state expansion.