Who primarily exercises the notional prerogative powers?

The notional prerogative powers, also known as royal prerogative powers, are primarily exercised by the Prime Minister or the government. These powers are derived from the historical privileges of the monarchy but have evolved to be exercised by the elected government, reflecting the principles of parliamentary democracy.

For example, these powers include making treaties, issuing or withdrawing passports, and appointing ministers or ambassadors. Although they are formally held by the monarch, in practice, they are carried out by the Prime Minister and the government as they are responsible for governing the country. This system ensures that the elected representatives are accountable for their actions rather than relying on the unelected monarch.

The House of Commons, while influential in shaping policy and legislation, does not exercise these prerogative powers directly. Instead, its role is more about oversight and scrutiny of the government's use of these powers. Similarly, the judiciary does not have a role in exercising these powers, as its function is to interpret and apply the law rather than to engage in executive actions. Thus, the exercise of notional prerogative powers is a governmental responsibility, placing it in the hands of the Prime Minister and the wider executive.